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| 73rd Amendment Constitution of India, 1992 |
Though the Panchayati Raj Institutions have been in existence for a long time, it has been observed that these institutions have not been able to acquire the status and dignity of viable and responsive
people's bodies due to a number of reasons including absence of regular elections, prolonged super-sessions, insufficient representation of weaker sections like Scheduled Castes, Scheduled
Tribes and women, inadequate devolution of powers and lack of financial resources. This amendment works towards strengthening the PRI’s and emphasizing the role of a Panchayat to monitor all the employment schemes prevalent in the state. |
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| Panchayat Extension to Schedule Areas Act |
| This is an Act to provide for the extension of the provisions of Part IX of the Constitution relating to the Panchayats to the Scheduled Areas. In 1996, the government passed an act known as Panchayat Extension to Schedule Areas (PESA),1996. Under this every Gram Sabha became the owner of natural resources; no acquisition of land for development projects and for resettling or rehabilitating persons affected by such projects without prior consultation of the Parishad; management of the Minor Water Bodies; recommendation prior to issue of prospecting license or mining lease for minor minerals. |
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| Orissa Zilla Parisad Act, 1994 |
| This act speaks about the constitution and function of the zilla parishads. The main aims and objectives are to undertake Schemes or adopt measures including giving of financial assistance relating to the development of Agriculture, Social Forestry, Live Stock, Industries, Co-operative Movement, Rural credit, Rural Electrification, Primary/Secondary & Adult Education including Welfare and other objects of general public utility; Grant-in-Aid to any Public Welfare organization within the district; to receive & distribute funds among the Panchayat Samitis and G.Ps; to monitor, supervise and makes reviews of different programmes |
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| Orissa Panchayat Samiti Act,1959 |
| Almost all anti poverty programmes, social welfare schemes, public distribution system, relief works are implemented through the Panchayat Samiti. The Samiti is also responsible for spread of Primary education; Exercise control and supervision over institutions and functionaries of various sectors in Panchayat Samiti with relation to programmes and measures of Government, prepare the local plans including tribal sub-plans for the areas and to exercise control over the resources for such plans |
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| Orissa Gram Panchayat Act, 1964 |
| The Orissa Gram Panchayat Act, 1948 is the first legislation prescribing constitution, power and functioning of Gram Panchayats in the State of Orissa. Government adopted a scheme of establishing Panchayat covering an entire district or a sub-division w.e.f year 1952-53. The objective of the Act is to safeguard and preserve the tradition and customs of the people, their cultural identity, Gram Sabha community resources and customary mode of dispute resolution consistent with the relevant laws in force and in harmony with basic tenets of the constitution and human rights. |
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